Merchants of Kutch

Sustaining for centuries in east Africa and Arabia reverberation and extension of Indian merchant enterprise had built around tenants of intercommunity and collective capitalist networking. Capitalizing on the eco system built around the local Swahili and Arab merchants, producers, caravan leaders, porters and planters, Kachchhi merchants could firmly root their trading settlements in the western Indian Ocean. In dealing in the scores of commodities namely dates, pearls, arms ivory, cloves and gum copal these merchants connected the African and Arabian interior and mainland with the industries of America and Europe and manufacturing units of the Bombay Presidency and Rajputana. Tracing the panoptic circularities of commodities and capital this talk notes flow of the commodities in the trade networks of the western Indian Ocean world and transoceanic trajectories. It shows how Kachchhi capital and credit played vital and varied roles in the markets of Muscat, east Africa, Salem and Bombay. Browsing through the diverse range of records this talk explores global trading networks beyond the political boundaries of the formal British Empire and offers an alternative perspective on maritime business history, which reveals more competition between the trading firms of different origins and more strategic choices available to the Indian merchants.

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